Textbook
Land Labour and Livelihood in a West Java Village
The question of poverty in Java, or the relationship between human beings and the natural resources available to them, in particular land, is a topic that always attracts the attention of rural socioeconomic researchers. In Indonesia this subject has become increasingly interesting with the publication of the works of J.H. Boeke and his supporters and critics and the writings of C. Geertz concerning agricultural involution. During the 19705, after the green revolution, a number of books appeared dealing with rural poverty and development, the most important among them being the study of Sriharjo by D.H. Penny and Masri Singarimbun. This book focused specifically on the lack of balance in the ratio between people (farmers) and land (for agriculture), a ratio that is becoming steadily worse and creating a tendency for life in rural Java to grow more “troubled”. Penny and Singarimbu'n noted and analyzed four policies introduced by the government in an attempt to solve the problem, namely, intensification, industrialization, family planning and transmigration. Even though the four approaches have all borne results, it would seem that the hopes of the two writers lie in transmigration, which implies an improvement in the man-land ratio.
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