Textbook
Social Change and Internal Migration: A Review of Research Findings From Africa, Asia, and Latin America
This review, which contains major sections on Africa, Asia and Latin America, is concerned with the following 2 problems: (1) The need to identify policy-related research issues that have not been adequately investigated; (2) The need for review, integration and interpretation of the voluminous quantities of migration research literature. The proliferation of explanatory, descriptive research on rural-urban migration and its biases and shortcomings stem from 2 main factors: (1) Public visibility: there has been a demand for information due to the obvious problems caused by population movements; (2) Research convenience: in contrast with many other features of social and economic change, migration and urbanization are relatively easily measured. Weaknesses in current migration research include: (1) Use of static models; (2) Focus on proximate causes; (3) Insufficient attention to the impact of major programmes designed to influence migration; (4) Focus on the individual migrant rather than on the community; (5) Insufficient attention to rural areas of out-migration; (6) Failure to disentangle the complex interdependence between the causes and consequences in the migratory process. The developing areas of the world may be divided into 4 types: (1) Latin American countries where urbanization is well underway; (2) The semi-industrialized nations of East Asia and North Africa where economic development may reach stage (1) by 2000 depending on population pressure; (3) The sub-Saharan African countries which will for many years remain predominantly rural and where population growth can be absorbed by rural areas; (4) The largest and poorest Asian countries with severe urban growth problems. Research priorities will obviously differ according to type.
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